Brain Tumor

A brain tumor is an abnormal growth of cells in the brain. They can be either benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). The symptoms and causes of brain tumors can vary greatly.

Symptoms of Brain Tumors

The symptoms of a brain tumor depend on its size, location, and rate of growth. A growing tumor can press on or damage surrounding brain tissue, leading to a variety of signs and symptoms. Common symptoms include:

• Headaches: This is one of the most common symptoms. Brain tumor headaches are often persistent and may become more severe over time. They are often worse in the morning and can be made worse by coughing or straining.

• Seizures: Seizures can be a first sign of a brain tumor, especially if there is no previous history of seizures. They can range from a full-body convulsion to a more subtle disturbance of awareness or sensation.

• Nausea and Vomiting: These symptoms often occur with headaches, and may be a sign of increased pressure inside the skull.

• Changes in Mental or Behavioral Function: This can include memory problems, confusion, personality changes, or a general feeling of drowsiness.

• Progressive Weakness or Paralysis: This can affect one side of the body, or a specific arm or leg.

• Vision Problems: Symptoms can include blurred or double vision, or a loss of peripheral vision.

• Balance and Coordination Issues: This can manifest as dizziness, vertigo, or difficulty walking.

• Speech and Hearing Problems: This can include difficulty speaking or understanding words, as well as changes in hearing.

Causes of Brain Tumors

The exact cause of most primary brain tumors (tumors that start in the brain) is unknown. However, researchers have identified several risk factors that can increase a person's chances of developing one.

• Radiation Exposure: The only well-established environmental risk factor is exposure to high-dose ionizing radiation. This is most often from radiation therapy used to treat another cancer.

• Genetic Syndromes: A small percentage of brain tumors are linked to inherited genetic conditions. These include:

  • Neurofibromatosis (types 1 and 2)

  • Tuberous Sclerosis

  • Von Hippel-Lindau Disease

  • Li-Fraumeni Syndrome

• Family History: In rare cases, a family history of brain tumors can increase risk, even without a known genetic syndrome.

• Weakened Immune System: People with a weakened immune system, such as those with AIDS, have a higher risk of developing a specific type of brain lymphoma.

• Age: The risk of developing most brain tumors increases with age, although some types are more common in children.

It's important to note that many people with brain tumors have none of these known risk factors, and having one of these risk factors does not mean you will definitely develop a brain tumor.

If you are experiencing any of these symptoms, it is important to consult a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis.